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CIT246

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER ORGANISATION

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The hexadecimal system has ______ digits

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One MB is equal to 1024KB

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An input/output system also called __________allows data input and reporting of the results in proper
format and form

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A mechanical memory unit consisting of sets of counter wheels is called__

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Register ____refers to the amount of information that can be held in a register at a time for processing.

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A ____is a set of connections between two or more components/devices that are designed to transfer
several/all bits of a word from a specific source to destination

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The von Neumann architecture specifies different memory units for data and instructions. The memory
which stores data is called data memory and the memory which stores instructions is called instruction,
independently

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____ is a register which contains the data to be written in the memory (for a written operation) or it
receives the data from the memory (for read operation).

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A dedicated bus line is also called_______

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DRAM is referred to as _______

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he Asynchronous Counter is also termed ____ ripple

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____ was based on the mathematical principle of finite differences and was used to solve calculations on
large numbers using a formula

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Execution of instructions in the von Neumann machine is carried out in a _______fashion from one
instruction to the next

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A von Neumann machine has only a single path between the main memory and the__________

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Howard Aiken of Harvard University developed a system called Mark I in _____

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the combinational circuit that performs the arithmetical addition of three bits (the third bit is a
previous carry bit) is called a_______

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The ________is a convenient way of representing and simplifying Boolean functions of 4 to 6 variables

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The floating-point number representation consists of two parts.the the second part specifies the
decimal or binary point position and is termed an______

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The floating-point number representation consists of two parts. The first part of the number is a signed
fixed-point number, which is termed___

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A___ is a register whose value is incremented by one on the occurrence of some event.

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The VLSI-based computer architecture is sometimes referred to as the ______generation computer

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The processing needed for a single instruction (fetch and execution) is referred to as an ______

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___ is mainly used to indicate errors in computer programs

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An arithmetical unit, which is capable of performing the four basic arithmetical operations is called___

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A bus may be unidirectional or________

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The main feature in R-S flip-flop is the addition of a ____input.

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The transistors were invented in _____

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An _______involves the reading of an instruction from the memory location(s) to the CPU

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____cards Selects one of four arithmetical operations by activating the mill to perform the selected

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The ancestors of the modern age computer were the mechanical and electromechanical devices. This
ancestry can be traced to as far back as___

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The Hamming Error Correcting Code was devised by ____

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Address lines are collectively called ______ Address

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A clock can have _______states

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The simplest model of instruction processing can be a _______-step process

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A ______is a binary function which holds the binary information in digital form.

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The basic drawbacks of these mechanical and electromechanical computers were____

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There are __-types of sequential circuit

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The ENIAC (the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) was designed in _______

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A program is a sequence of instructions designed for achieving a task or goal

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____ invented a device, which consisted of lots of gears and chains and used to perform repeated
addition and substraction.

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Floating-point numbers are often represented in ________forms

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The _______is one of the basic building units of a computer system, which, in principle allows sharing
of a common line by more than one input lines

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____ is the minimum time lapse between two consecutive read requests

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In von Neumann architecture each bit of memory can be accessed Independently

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The CPU can be interrupted by providing a control line. This line, also known as the ___________

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In binary numbers we have two digits 0 and 1 and they can also be represented, as a string of these
two-digits called ________

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The _____is used to designate the source of data for the data bus. address

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____ Cards Selects the memory location to be used by the mill for a particular operation (i.e., the
source of the operands and the destination of the results).

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The NAND and NOR gates are called ________since with either one the AND and OR functions and NOT
can be generated

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A _________is used for a fetch cycle in a typical CPU

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The parity bit is only an _________detection code

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Control lines are collectively called ______ Control

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The von Neumann machine uses a stored program concept, i.e., the program and data are stored in the
same ___

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A single self-contained transistor is called a _______

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_________circuits are interconnected circuits of gates according to a certain rule to produce an output
depending on its input value

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____ specifies the address of the memory location from which the data or instruction is to be accessed
(for a read operation) or to which the data is to be stored (for a written operation).

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___ normally consists of 8, 16 or 32 bit separate lines Data

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The basic function performed by a computer is the _______of a program

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____is a special type of flip-flop in the sense that it represents the currently applied input as the state
of the flip-flop

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The _____number system has ten digits represented by 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9.

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The use of ICs in computer defined the _______generation of computers.

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A combinational circuit, which performs the addition of two bits, is called a __

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The CPU design was made simple and the CPU was made more flexible using a technique called _____

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A _______is an electronic circuit which produces a typical output signal depending on its input signal.

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Each location of the memory of the von Neumann machine can be addressed ___

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A von Neumann machine has only a single path between the main memory and the control unit (CU).
This feature/constraint is referred to as the ____

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A byte is equal to 8 bits and can represent a character internally.

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SRAMs are mainly used as ______memories

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Blaise Pascal invented a device, which consisted of lots of gears and chains and used to perform
repeated addition and substraction which he called____________

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A computer consists of three basic components: CPU,Memory and_____ Input/output

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A flip-flop can be constructed using two ______gates

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_______made the very first attempt towards the automatic computing

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An instruction is fetched from a memory location to the_____

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A _________is a two-state device made from silicon

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___ keeps track of the instruction that is to be executed next, after the execution of an on-going
instruction

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A _______is an extra bit added with binary data such that it makes the total number of 1’s in the data
either odd or even

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Synchronous circuits use flip-flops and their status can change only at ________instants

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_____ was a general purposecomputing device, which could be used for performing any mathematical
operation automatically

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Data lines are collectively called ______ Data

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_____convert one type of coded information to another form

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The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in special storage areas called registers performs the __________and
___________operations arithmetic,

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The _______gate is a circuit which will give a high output if either, but not both, of its two inputs are
high

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A __________is a binary cell, which can store a bit of information and which in itself is a sequential
circuit.

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The amount of information that can be transferred in or on the memory in a second it termed the ____

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The ________interprets each of these intstructions and generates respective control signals

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The ________is the time required between the requests made for a read or write operation till the
time the data is made available or written at the requested location

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VLSI stands for ___

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George Boole proposed the principles of the Boolean algebra in ___

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D Flip-Flop is sometimes referred to as _______

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The _____ushered in the era of what is known as first generation Computers

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memory devices can be categorised into four main categories viz: electronic, magnetic,
mechanical and ______

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Transistor is also called________

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The sequential circuits unlike combinational circuits are ___dependent.

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The second-generation computers started with the advent of ________

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The _______generation computers were more advanced in terms of arithmetic and logic units and the
control unit than their counterparts of the first generation

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